Author: Oscar Mendez.
I always try to make it clear that what I write here is not the absolute truth, but rather what I have learned through over two decades of experience working and studying in Spain and Uruguay.
I normally do not publish practical examples, exercises or formulas because I do not believe any situation is the same for another coach or trainer, because every situation is unique and unrepeatable since every situation is different, not only player's level, competition level, age, situation, characteristics of players etc.
I will now mention how I classify the exercises so I can organize them in the session, according to the Sub-dynamic that I am on that day, and the concepts or principles that I will focus on that session so this serves as a guide for the younger coaches or who are just beginning, or the ones who would like to learn how we do it in Spain.
The exercises are going to focus on:
a) Concepts of the game (General).
What we mean by concepts of the game are behavior that occur to any team no matter how different their model of play might be.
One example is that teams open themselves up when they have the ball, and that they close when they lose it.
b) Principles of our Playing Model.
The exercise in this case will focus on our Macro-Meso-Micro-Nano principles and how our team specifically will play.
c) Changes in the Moments or Phases of Play.
In this case, the exercise will focus on how or team changes when it has the ball and loses it, or when it is defending and recuperates the ball.
d) Conditional Factors.
The exercise if we make the space smaller, the amount of starts and stops will be increased and if the space is larger, the amount will decrease and the muscle contractions will change as well. The conditional factors will be modified according to the space, touches, amount of players, duration, type of exercise etc.
e) Structural or System Factors.
When the exercise will focus on a certain movement or change in System or Structure, like in a 1-4-3-3 or 1-4-4-2 system. For example, in possession of the ball or in Offensive Organization, the wing will move to a certain space so the fullback or midfielder can overlap him/her or something regarding opponents' system.
Types of exercises:
As I mentioned before, our exercises must have either the evolution of the model of play of our team, or the evolution of the Footballer or both.
In a cognitive model, this is the most important thing.
HOW OUR TEAM IS GOING TO PLAY.
Rondos:
Possession exercises, generally in small spaces and with small amount of players.
They normally can have two or three teams, with and without jokers, where mental intensity is high even though physical intensity doesn't have to be. They promote quickness in playing, in small space stimulating decision making to be done in a smaller space and time.
There are many like basic, mobile, double, triple etc.
Possession Exercises:
Similar to Rondos but with bigger spaces and higher amount of footballers, where the player doesn't have to respect a certain space or position.
He/she can move freely throughout the whole space.
Positional games and Rondos.
Similar to the two mentioned before with the difference that the players now must respect their space or position occupied, generally associated to a position or space he/she will occupy in the matches.
They normally contain a more specific content related to the playing model of the team.
Constraint Matches and Small Sided Games (SSG):
Matches similar to a normal one but generally in a smaller space where a certain principle, concept or behavior will be repeated many times (Principle of Propensities). They can be done with Gk, with big/small goals. They can be more positional or not.
Analytical or complementary exercises:
Low complexity with little or no opposition Exercises, where our team will execute certain tasks so that later with higher complexity, they will be able to repeat them. Normally it is done as an introduction or complimentary to the warm ups or position specific training.
A Passing exercise is a very simple example of this.
Factors like spaces, complexity of exercise, pauses, duration of exercise etc will condition the exercise and must be analyzed carefully before the design and execution.
I tried to describe in a simple and brief way, something that is much more difficult and long, a way of organizing the exercises so that the coach that reads this, will be able to organize the exercises in a similar way to how we do them in Spain.
"Your opponent is also a part of you".
Juanma Lillo.
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